South India Tourism » Mangrove forest

Location: in Eranakulam district, Kerala
Area: 100 ha
Altitude: 1.7 m

Description of site: Puduvyppu forms the largest chunk of mangroves in Kerala, with a network of 214 artificial channels and marshy areas. According to the Kerala State Revenue records, Puduvyppu came into existence only about 40 years ago when approximately 500 ha of land emerged from the sea. The land-building process still continues

Climatic conditions: Tropical monsoon climate, with an average annual rainfall of 2960 mm. The maximum temperature is 33°C and minimum 22°C

Principal vegetation: Mangrove forests, dominated by Avicennia off cinalis (covers about 85-90% of the area). The other species found are Avicennia marina, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruzuiera sexangula, Excoecaria agallocha, Sonneratia caseolaris, Clerodendron inermes, Hibiscus tiliaceus, Thespesia populnea, Cerbera odollam, Calophyllum inophyllum, and Acanthus ilicifolius. The grass species found are Fimbristylis sp., Carex sp., and Cynodon dactylon

Land tenure: The area is under Kerala Agricultural University, which operates a fisheries research station at the site

Economic and social values: The mangroves play a crucial role in the land-building process. A majority of the population, including the people of Elanganpuzha panchayat (of which Puduvyppu forms a part), are fishermen. The mangroves of Puduvyppu are the breeding ground for many fish species. The area is utilised for fisheries, grazing, and fuelwood extraction by local communities. The mangroves also provide against cyclonic storms

Fauna: A very important area for both resident and migratory waterfowl. Notable among these are terns, gulls, and waders. The great stone plover (Esacus recurvirostris) has been recorded for the first time in this area. A pair of crab plover (Dromas ardeola) has also been reported

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