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Wetlands in Corbett National Park , Corbett National Park in Uttar Pradesh, Corbett National Park , Corbett National Park Uttar Pradesh |
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WETLANDS IN CORBETT NATIONAL PARK - Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
Location: in Ramnagar district, Kumaon foothills, 80 km north of Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
Area. Area of wetlands unknown; National Park 113,400 ha, including a core zone of 33,800 ha
Altitude: 400-1210 m
Biogeographical province: 4.8.4 Wetland type: 12, 15, 17
Description of site: The river Ramganga flows from east to west through Corbett National Park into the Ramganga water storage reservoir behind the Kalagarh Dam. The construction of the Kalagarh Dam resulted in inundation of the lower riverine forested tracts together with important grasslands, known as chaurs. This has been partially compensated for by an extensive muddy margin around the reservoir which increases in width during the winter months as the water level falls. The river is a fast-flowing torrent for much of its course through the Park, but there are numerous backwaters, oxbow creeks, and small ponds within the floodplain, particularly near Dhikala, the visitor centre in the middle of the Park
Climatic conditions: Tropical monsoon climate
Principal vegetation: The emergent vegetation along sluggish backwaters and in ponds consists of species of Phragmites, Typha, and Scirpus
Land tenure: State-owned
Conservation measures taken: Corbett National Park was first established in 1936 and became a Project Tiger reserve in 1974. Most of the wetland habitat is situated in the central part of the Park and is well protected. The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is the subject of a re-introduction programme; by January 1987, 27 young gharials had been released in the Park Land use: The area is a managed nature reserve and important tourist centre. Sport fishing with rod and line is permitted at certain points along the river
Disturbances and threats: The most serious threat to the wetland ecosystems is deforestation in the upper reaches of the river outside the Park and consequent increased silt load in the river. Tourists are a source of some disturbance at Dhikala, and there may be a small amount of pollution in the Ramganga river. Hashish gathering from the Cannabis plant which is abundant in the Park, causes disturbance to wildlife. Poaching is reported
Economic and social values: The Ramganga is a fine scenic river flowing through relatively undisturbed forests of intense wildlife interest. The area attracts tourists, making Corbett one of the most visited National Parks in India (20,000 visitors in 1983/84) Fauna: Several fish species occur, including Barbus tor, B. chilinoides, Labeo calbasum, Oxygaster bacaila, and Bagarius bagarius. Many species of waterfowl have been recorded, but mostly in small numbers. Ephippiorhynchus asiatiucus probably breeds; Ciconia nigra is regular in spring (up to 60 in March), and Gconia episcopus occurs in small numbers. Winter visitors include Phalacrocorax carbo (up to 130), Mergus merganser (common along the river), and Ibidorhyncha struthersii (scarce). Birds of prey are common: Pandion haliaetus is a common visitor, Ichthyophaga nano and Haliaeetus leucoryphus breed, and Aquila clangs occurs in winter. The two fish-owls Ketupa zeylonensis and K. flavipes may be observed in the riverine forest. Mammals closely associated with the wetlands include the common otter (Lutra lutra) and fishing cat (Fells viverrina). The marsh crocodile or mugger (Crocodylus palustris) is fairly common, and the gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) was re-introduced into the Park in the early 1980’s
Special floral values: None known
Location: in Ramnagar district, Kumaon foothills, 80 km north of Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
Area. Area of wetlands unknown; National Park 113,400 ha, including a core zone of 33,800 ha
Altitude: 400-1210 m
Biogeographical province: 4.8.4 Wetland type: 12, 15, 17
Description of site: The river Ramganga flows from east to west through Corbett National Park into the Ramganga water storage reservoir behind the Kalagarh Dam. The construction of the Kalagarh Dam resulted in inundation of the lower riverine forested tracts together with important grasslands, known as chaurs. This has been partially compensated for by an extensive muddy margin around the reservoir which increases in width during the winter months as the water level falls. The river is a fast-flowing torrent for much of its course through the Park, but there are numerous backwaters, oxbow creeks, and small ponds within the floodplain, particularly near Dhikala, the visitor centre in the middle of the Park
Climatic conditions: Tropical monsoon climate
Principal vegetation: The emergent vegetation along sluggish backwaters and in ponds consists of species of Phragmites, Typha, and Scirpus
Land tenure: State-owned
Conservation measures taken: Corbett National Park was first established in 1936 and became a Project Tiger reserve in 1974. Most of the wetland habitat is situated in the central part of the Park and is well protected. The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) is the subject of a re-introduction programme; by January 1987, 27 young gharials had been released in the Park Land use: The area is a managed nature reserve and important tourist centre. Sport fishing with rod and line is permitted at certain points along the river
Disturbances and threats: The most serious threat to the wetland ecosystems is deforestation in the upper reaches of the river outside the Park and consequent increased silt load in the river. Tourists are a source of some disturbance at Dhikala, and there may be a small amount of pollution in the Ramganga river. Hashish gathering from the Cannabis plant which is abundant in the Park, causes disturbance to wildlife. Poaching is reported
Economic and social values: The Ramganga is a fine scenic river flowing through relatively undisturbed forests of intense wildlife interest. The area attracts tourists, making Corbett one of the most visited National Parks in India (20,000 visitors in 1983/84) Fauna: Several fish species occur, including Barbus tor, B. chilinoides, Labeo calbasum, Oxygaster bacaila, and Bagarius bagarius. Many species of waterfowl have been recorded, but mostly in small numbers. Ephippiorhynchus asiatiucus probably breeds; Ciconia nigra is regular in spring (up to 60 in March), and Gconia episcopus occurs in small numbers. Winter visitors include Phalacrocorax carbo (up to 130), Mergus merganser (common along the river), and Ibidorhyncha struthersii (scarce). Birds of prey are common: Pandion haliaetus is a common visitor, Ichthyophaga nano and Haliaeetus leucoryphus breed, and Aquila clangs occurs in winter. The two fish-owls Ketupa zeylonensis and K. flavipes may be observed in the riverine forest. Mammals closely associated with the wetlands include the common otter (Lutra lutra) and fishing cat (Fells viverrina). The marsh crocodile or mugger (Crocodylus palustris) is fairly common, and the gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) was re-introduced into the Park in the early 1980’s
Special floral values: None known
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